SAMAR, Philippines—A team of researchers spearheaded by the University of Santo Tomas Graduate School Center for Conservation of Cultural Property and Environment in the Tropics (UST-CCCPET), in partnership with Samar State University’s (SSU) Research Center for Culture and Social Issues (RCCSI), Samar Provincial Tourism Office (SPTO), and Northwest Samar State University (NwSSU), embarked on an initial site validation project from February 5 to 8, 2025 for the Sentinels of the Sea: The Fortification of Samar Documentation Project. The initiative seeks to study and preserve the region’s historical fortifications.
Funded by the US Embassy, the project involved 14 representatives from UST-CCCPE, five from the SPTO, and eight researchers from SSU RCCSI and NwSSU. The team assessed the architectural integrity and historical significance of three (3) identified priority colonial-era structures. Moreover, the Samar PLGU is working in collaboration with UST, SSU, and NWSSU to complement other fortification sites across the province.
Unveiling History: Key Site Visits
The documentation began in Basey, Samar, where the team examined the ruins of Jinamoc, a secluded island fortress. Despite being overgrown with vegetation, remnants of its defensive structure were evident. The researchers also visited St. Michael the Archangel Church, a Baroque-style coral stone structure that has withstood the test of time.
In Villareal, the St. Rose de Lima Church revealed an intriguing religious architecture. Further inland, the team explored Tinago Ruins in Tarangnan, a historical site believed to have served as a watchtower or a church. Tinago was once the first cabecera of Samar, serving as the center of religious affairs. However, the site eventually fell into ruins, possibly due to Moro raids and fire.
Challenges and Conservation Efforts
Brgy. Bangon in Pagsanghan, a watchtower, is now almost completely engulfed by a massive dalaquit tree but still stands as a striking example of nature reclaiming history.
Other significant stops included the remnants of a colonial prison in Catbalogan and fortifications in Brgy. Bangahon in Gandara, Paranas, and Sta. Rita, Samar—all of which hold immense historical value and demonstrate the importance of preservation.
Looking Ahead: Preserving Samar’s Legacy
The documentation effort gathered initial data on the historical, architectural, and cultural significance of Samar’s fortifications, churches, and historical sites. These structures reflect the region’s colonial past, illustrating the strategic military defense system, religious influence, and community resilience against external threats. The craftsmanship evident in these structures speaks to the ingenuity and skill of their builders, while their current state underscores the urgent need for conservation.
The project concluded with a strong call for heritage conservation and sustainable tourism. Furthermore, the project emphasizes the need for restoration efforts, community involvement, and further archaeological studies. Their preservation is not merely an act of conservation but a commitment to safeguarding the cultural and historical identity of Samar for future generations.